Injurious Effects of the Roentgen Rays Page 11

13. Medical Record, April 30, 1898, page 637.
14. Journal American Medical Association, December 4, 1897.
15. Abstract from Evening Post, February, 1898.
16. Dr. E. B. Bronson, Medical Record, April 30, 1898, page 637.
17. Dunglison's Dictionary, page 165.
18. Medical Record, April 30, 1898. page 637.
19. Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin, April, 1897.
20. Photographic Journal, March, 1898
21. Archives of Roentgen Ray, September, 1897.
22. American Journal of Medical Science, January, 1888.
23. Monatschefte für Praktische Dermatologie, November 1, 1897.

THEORY OF ROENTGEN RAYS. Lond. Elec. Rev., May 13. - Stokes suggested a theory several years ago, according to which these rays are aperiodic electromagnetic waves caused by the impact against the anti-cathode of the charged particles in the cathode stream; this theory was recently developed by J. J. Thomson (Phil. Mag. page 172). Lord Rayleigh, in Nature, April 28, protests against the acceptance of this theory, as it does not carry with it some of the consequences which have been deduced as the distinction between Roentgen rays and ordinary luminous and non-luminous radiation; he does not agree that Roentgen rays are not very short waves, but impulses; he favors the view that the waves differ from ordinary light only in the shortness of their waves.

If one wishes by a simple optical illusion to obtain an almost perfect imitation of the wonders of radiography, he may take a small turkey feather, and, holding it close to the eye, look through the radiating ribs at the end of the feather at the ends of the outstretched fingers of his hand, held against the window. This done, the flesh will appear to be transparent, with the opaque bone running down in the center as shown by true radiography. If gas light is used, a piece of ground glass must be held before the flame, to diffuse the light. - Inter-Ocean.

CATHODE AND ROENTGEN RAY TUBES. Villard. L'Eclairage Elec., May 28; Electrical World, New York. - An abstract of a French Physical Society paper describing improvements. One of these is an anticathode which does not blacken the tubes; iridium is very satisfactory if quite pure, but the commercial variety is not pure enough; the new anti-cathode is in the form of a paraboloid with a lateral opening through which the cathode rays enter; this will not blacken the tube, because it never acts as a cathode for the reversed currents; the form of the anode, creating an electrical field which is practically zero in its interior, totally prevents the formation of these new rays. He also describes a tube which may be regenerated; part of the tube consists of a small tube of platinum closed at one end and joined at the open end with a glass tube; nickel or palladium will also answer; to regenerate the tube this metallic tip is heated in a Bunsen flame; at about 1,000 deg., hydrogen passes through the platinum, but it is absolutely impenetrable to air. He also mentions some magic screens on which the images are preserved, but the description is not quite clear.

TREATMENT OF LUPUS WITH ROENTGEN RAYS AND CONCENTRATED LIGHT. - Dr. Kummel (Hamburg) claimed that in selected cases these means were successful, but experience with them was yet too limited to absolutely state the indications and contraindications. He exhibited two advanced cases almost cured, in which he expected a continuance of the treatment to cure radically.

TRANSPORTABLE X-RAY APPARATUS. Levy. Elec. Zeit., July 7. - A reprint of a brief, illustrated paper describing a simple, portable apparatus, devised by him.