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Nikola Tesla Books

Books written by or about Nikola Tesla

Nikola Tesla: Colorado Springs Notes, 1899-1900 Page 285

November 14-15, 1899

These readings were:

e.m.f. { 214 } I { 10.7 } ω = 880
212 10.6
210 10.5
from this $! {\left({E \over I}\right)} $! = 20, $! {\left({E \over I}\right)^{2}} $! = 400
Average values:
E I ω
212 10.6 880
R = 7.9 ohm.
R2 = 62.41

$! {\left({E \over I}\right)^{2} - R^{2}} $! = 337.59   $! {\sqrt{\left({E \over I}\right)^{2} - R^{2}}} $! = 18.375

L = $! {{18.375 \times 10^{9}} \over 880} $! cm

= 20,880,682 cm, approx. = 20,881,000 cm.

The inductance of the coil as ordinarily used would then be approx.

= 83,524,000 cm.

Colorado Springs

Nov. 15, 1899

Experiments with secondary of oscillator to determine capacity of structure, also capacity of secondary.

The readings were as follows:

Secondary alone.
Capacity in primary Inductance in primary
$! {{8 \times 36} \over 2} $! = 144 bottles = 0.1296 mfd 14 3/4 turns + connections.
 
Secondary with connecting wire leading to structure.
$! {{8 \times 36} \over 2} $! = 144 bottles = 0.1296 mfd 15 1/4 " + conn.
 
Secondary with structure connected to free terminal.
$! {{8 \times 36} \over 2} $! = 144 bottles = 0.1296 mfd 19 " + conn.

* These readings approximate.

285

November 14

He measures the coil with 1314 turns but so that two coil halves are connected together in parallel. He expects that the connection of two halves in parallel should provide one quarter of entire coil inductance, which is approximately obtained in this case because the ratio 1/d of the tested coil is fairly large (please see Nov. 10). He performed the measurement at the frequency of 140 Hz, similar to Nov. 10) when he measured the entire coil inductance. The measured value is four times larger now and amounts to 83,524,000 cm and the previous measurement of the entire coil provided 85,000,000 cm. The small difference proves Tesla's claim that the inductance is almost four times larger.


November 15

Tesla again measures the capacity of the sphere on top of the metal pole as on November 7th and 12th, but with the secondary coil of the oscillator instead of the earlier “supplementary” coils. The results did not agree with those obtained earlier. Tesla puts this down to the large distributed capacity of this coil, but it would seem that other factors influenced the accuracy as well. Because of the tight coupling between the primary and secondary of the oscillator, it was probably producing a compound spectrum.


November 15

He repeats the measurement of the sphere capacitance placed on the structure made of metal pipes as on Nov. 7 and 12, but with the secondary oscillator coil instead of the previous ''auxiliary coils''. This time he does not achieve the matched results with the previous ones. Tesla considers that the reason for that is that distributed capacitance of this coil is large. It seems, however, that other effects as well influence the accuracy of the results. Due to a very good coupling between the oscillator primary and secondary the oscillator spectrum is probably complicated and that, e.g., could significantly influence the measurement results.

Glossary

Lowercase tau - an irrational constant defined as the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its radius, equal to the radian measure of a full turn; approximately 6.283185307 (equal to 2π, or twice the value of π).
A natural rubber material obtained from Palaquium trees, native to South-east Asia. Gutta-percha made possible practical submarine telegraph cables because it was both waterproof and resistant to seawater as well as being thermoplastic. Gutta-percha's use as an electrical insulator was first suggested by Michael Faraday.
The Habirshaw Electric Cable Company, founded in 1886 by William M. Habirshaw in New York City, New York.
The Brown & Sharpe (B & S) Gauge, also known as the American Wire Gauge (AWG), is the American standard for making/ordering metal sheet and wire sizes.
A traditional general-purpose dry cell battery. Invented by the French engineer Georges Leclanché in 1866.
Refers to Manitou Springs, a small town just six miles west of Colorado Springs, and during Tesla's time there, producer of world-renown bottled water from its natural springs.
A French mineral water bottler.
Lowercase delta letter - used to denote: A change in the value of a variable in calculus. A functional derivative in functional calculus. An auxiliary function in calculus, used to rigorously define the limit or continuity of a given function.
America's oldest existing independent manufacturer of wire and cable, founded in 1878.
Lowercase lambda letter which, in physics and engineering, normally represents wavelength.
The lowercase omega letter, which represents angular velocity in physics.